![]() The holder of the private key associated with a certificate is known as the subject. This can be a user, a computer, a program, or virtually any object or service. Because the subject can vary greatly depending on who or what it is, you need some flexibility when providing the subject name in the certificate request. A Windows Server® 2008–based certification authority (CA) or a Windows Server 2003–based CA can either obtain the subject name automatically or request it from the subject. If the CA automatically provides the subject name, it obtains the information from Active Directory® Domain Services (AD DS). You can configure this process to include or exclude information that is useful in the environment. If it is configured to manually provide the subject name, the subject supplies that information in the certificate request by using the Web-based enrollment pages. It is possible to issue many specific certificates that can only be used for a single purpose or to issue fewer certificates that have broad usage. This decision depends on the environment, the level of administration desired, and the possible effects on the subjects, as well as the effects of multiple certificates on applications that will use them. One strategy of certificate administration is to create a number of specific templates—one for each function, such as file encryption or code signing. Subjects can then enroll for each certificate as needed for the appropriate function. Word versions. These instructions are based on the most popular version of Word, Word for Windows 2003. The template will work with the following versions of Word: Windows: The template has been tested with Word 2002 through 2007. Due to major changes in Word 2007, most of the commands mentioned in these. Download a Word certificate template online. The Microsoft templates have fancy, embellished borders that are standard for certificates. If you have a lot of certificates to print, you may prefer to buy pre-printed certificate stock at your local office supply store. Pre-printed certificate paper is available with a. This allows subjects to start with few certificates and obtain only new certificates that they need over time. The drawback to this strategy is that the subject may accumulate a large number of certificates and private keys that become more difficult to manage over time. Alternatively, you could create a few broad certificate templates that encompass functions for the most common groups of subjects. For example, if most employees use their certificates for e-mail signing and encryption as well as file encryption, you can create one template that allows all these functions in the same certificate. ![]() This allows most subjects to obtain a single, all-purpose certificate. The drawback to this strategy is that there is no detailed control of the usage of the certificates. The administrator cannot decide that subgroups cannot encrypt e-mail without modifying the template or changing the strategy. A version 2 certificate template allows you to define one or more cryptographic service providers (CSPs) as usable by a template. This allows the administrator to control the types of cryptography that subjects can use within an enterprise. ![]() ![]() This is useful when security is most important. Because subjects use the CSP for both portions of any cryptographic service—either encryption and decryption or signing and confirming signatures—it is necessary to ensure that all subjects can use the same CSP. The easiest way to do this is to configure each certificate template to identify one CSP. The administrator should determine the CSP to use for each template, depending on the level of security required, the intended purposes of the certificate, and the presence of security hardware, such as smart cards. Each Cryptography Next Generation (CNG) algorithm provides choices for key length, and each CryptoAPI CSP provides one or more cryptographic algorithms for encryption or digital signature. ![]() You can define a minimum key size allowed for a certificate template. In general, larger keys provide more protection than shorter keys for the same algorithm, but larger keys take longer to generate and use. You should select a minimum key size that ensures the necessary amount of protection without affecting performance. Certificates are deployed either manually or automatically. Manual enrollment can take place by using either the Web enrollment pages, the Certificates snap-in, or through CryptoAPI or CNG programming interfaces. Automatic enrollment requires the configuration described in the 'Autoenrollment Considerations' section of. In addition, there is a Network Device Enrollment Service component that can enroll certificates on behalf of devices such as routers by using the Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol (SCEP). This component is included as a role service in Windows Server 2008. CAs installed on computers running Windows Server 2008 Enterprise, Windows Server 2008 Datacenter, Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition, or Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition can provide key archival of private keys. When planning key archival settings for a certificate template, consider the following settings: • Enable archival of the subject's private key This setting is only available when the issuing CA is installed on a computer running Windows Server 2008 Enterprise, Windows Server 2008 Datacenter, Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition, or Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition, and the CA is configured for key archival. • Define whether the private key can be exported If this setting is enabled, the subject can export the private key for backup or move the private key and certificate to another computer. If key archival is centralized, you may not want to enable this setting because it allows the key to be recovered in a decentralized manner. You can create a new certificate template by duplicating an existing template and using the existing template's properties as the default for the new template. Different applications and types of CAs support different certificate templates. For example, some certificate templates can be issued and managed only by enterprise CAs on servers running Windows Server 2003, and some may require that the CA server be running Windows Server 2008. Review the list of default certificate templates in, and examine their properties to identify the existing certificate template that most closely meets your needs. This will minimize the amount of configuration work that you need to do. • Open the Certificate Templates snap-in. • In the details pane, right-click the certificate template you want to modify, and then click Properties. • On the Extensions tab, click Application Policies, and then click Edit. • In the Edit Application Policies Extension dialog box, click Add. • In Add Application Policy, ensure that the application you are creating does not exist, and then click New. • In the New Application Policy dialog box, provide the name for the new application policy, note the generated object identifier, and then click OK. When performing qualified subordination, it may be necessary to associate issuance policies in your organization with issuance policies defined in another organization. The policy mappings are defined in the Policy.inf file used to generate the cross-certified CA certificate. In the Policy.inf file, you must include the policy mapping extension that maps the policies listed in the Policy.inf file with policies defined in the other PKI hierarchy. The following code example shows a section of a Policy.inf file that maps issuance policies for high, medium, and low assurance between two organizations. Microsoft Office Free Templates Official Microsoft Office Templates - Free Online Resources You only get to make one first impression. To put your best foot forward, presentation is crucial. This applies whether you are using Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint or any of the other Office programs. From cover letters to CVs, spreadsheets to pie charts, all of these can be enhanced using the latest and most popular Microsoft Office templates. For anyone who has used the stock templates that are pre-installed within your software, it can be quite a welcome surprise to discover all of the free resources available for genuine Microsoft Office software. You are only a click away from giving your work that well organised, professional look. Microsoft Office Template Categories:|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| The Microsoft Office online community allows users to edit and share templates. If the template doesn't suit your exact needs, with a few simple edits you should be able to adjust it appropriately. New Microsoft Office templates are added regularly so there is always a new design to try out. Feel free to bookmark this page for reference so you can quickly return whenever you need it.
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